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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">File transfer</span></span>
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<p><b>File transfer</b> is the transmission of a computer file through a communication channel from one computer system to another. Typically, file transfer is mediated by a communications protocol. In the history of computing, numerous <a href="Comparison_of_file_transfer_protocols" title="Comparison of file transfer protocols">file transfer protocols</a> have been designed for different contexts.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Protocols">Protocols</h2></div>
<p>A file transfer protocol is a convention that describes how to transfer files between two computing endpoints. As well as the stream of <a href="Bit" title="Bit">bits</a> from a file stored as a single unit in a <a href="File_system" title="File system">file system</a>, some may also send relevant <a href="Metadata" title="Metadata">metadata</a> such as the <a href="Filename" title="Filename">filename</a>, file size and <a href="Timestamp" title="Timestamp">timestamp</a> – and even <a href="File-system_permissions" title="File-system permissions">file-system permissions</a> and <a href="File_attribute" title="File attribute">file attributes</a>.
</p><p>Some examples:
</p>
<ul><li><a href="File_Transfer_Protocol" title="File Transfer Protocol">FTP</a> is an older cross-platform file transfer protocol<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><a href="SSH_File_Transfer_Protocol" title="SSH File Transfer Protocol">SSH File Transfer Protocol</a> a file transfer protocol secured by the <a href="Secure_Shell" title="Secure Shell">Secure Shell</a> (SSH) protocol</li>
<li><a href="Secure_copy_protocol" title="Secure copy protocol">Secure copy</a> (<i>scp</i>) is based on the <a href="Secure_Shell" title="Secure Shell">Secure Shell</a> (SSH) protocol</li>
<li><a href="HTTP" title="HTTP">HTTP</a> can support file transfer</li>
<li><a href="BitTorrent" title="BitTorrent">BitTorrent</a>, <a href="Gnutella" title="Gnutella">Gnutella</a> and other distributed file transfers systems use <a href="Peer-to-peer" title="Peer-to-peer">peer-to-peer</a></li>
<li>In <a href="Systems_Network_Architecture" title="Systems Network Architecture">Systems Network Architecture</a>, <a href="IBM_Advanced_Program-to-Program_Communication" title="IBM Advanced Program-to-Program Communication">LU 6.2</a> <a href="Connect%3ADirect" title="Connect:Direct">Connect:Direct</a> and <a href="XCOM_Data_Transport" title="XCOM Data Transport">XCOM Data Transport</a> are traditionally used to transfer files</li>
<li>Many <a href="Instant_messaging" title="Instant messaging">instant messaging</a> or <a href="LAN_messenger" title="LAN messenger">LAN messenger</a> systems support the ability to transfer files</li>
<li><a href="Computer" title="Computer">Computers</a> may transfer files to <a href="Peripheral_device" class="mw-redirect" title="Peripheral device">peripheral devices</a> such as <a href="USB_flash_drive" title="USB flash drive">USB flash drives</a></li>
<li>Dial-up <a href="Modem" title="Modem">modems</a> <a href="Null_modem" title="Null modem">null modem</a> links used <a href="XMODEM" title="XMODEM">XMODEM</a>, <a href="YMODEM" title="YMODEM">YMODEM</a>, <a href="ZMODEM" title="ZMODEM">ZMODEM</a> and similar</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div>
<ul><li><a href="File_sharing" title="File sharing">File sharing</a></li>
<li><a href="Managed_file_transfer" title="Managed file transfer">Managed file transfer</a></li>
<li><a href="Peer-to-peer_file_sharing" title="Peer-to-peer file sharing">Peer-to-peer file sharing</a></li>
<li><a href="Pull_technology" title="Pull technology">Pull technology</a></li>
<li><a href="Push_technology" title="Push technology">Push technology</a></li>
<li><a href="Sideloading" title="Sideloading">Sideloading</a></li>
<li><a href="WeTransfer" title="WeTransfer">WeTransfer</a></li>
<li><a href="Smash_(file_transfer_service)" title="Smash (file transfer service)">Smash</a></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>
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</style><cite id="CITEREFPrince2012" class="citation web cs1">Prince, Brian (24 January 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.securityweek.com/should-organizations-retire-ftp-security">"Should Organizations Retire FTP for Security?"</a>. <i>Security Week</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite></span>
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</style><div id="Computer_files91" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Computer_file" title="Computer file">Computer files</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Binary_file" title="Binary file">Binary file</a> / <a href="Text_file" title="Text file">text file</a></li>
<li><a href="Data_file" title="Data file">Data file</a></li>
<li><a href="File_format" title="File format">File format</a>
<ul><li><a href="List_of_file_formats" title="List of file formats">List of file formats</a></li>
<li><a href="List_of_file_signatures" title="List of file signatures">File signatures</a></li>
<li><a href="Magic_number_(programming)" title="Magic number (programming)">Magic number</a></li>
<li><a href="Open_file_format" title="Open file format">Open file formats</a></li>
<li><a href="Proprietary_file_format" title="Proprietary file format">Proprietary file formats</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Metafile" class="mw-redirect" title="Metafile">Metafile</a></li>
<li><a href="Sidecar_file" title="Sidecar file">Sidecar file</a></li>
<li><a href="Sparse_file" title="Sparse file">Sparse file</a></li>
<li><a href="Swap_file" class="mw-redirect" title="Swap file">Swap file</a></li>
<li><a href="System_file" title="System file">System file</a></li>
<li><a href="Temporary_file" title="Temporary file">Temporary file</a></li>
<li><a href="Zero-byte_file" title="Zero-byte file">Zero-byte file</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Properties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Filename" title="Filename">Filename</a>
<ul><li><a href="8.3_filename" title="8.3 filename">8.3 filename</a></li>
<li><a href="Long_filename" title="Long filename">Long filename</a></li>
<li><a href="Filename_mangling" title="Filename mangling">Filename mangling</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Filename_extension" title="Filename extension">Filename extension</a>
<ul><li><a href="List_of_filename_extensions" title="List of filename extensions">List of filename extensions</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="File_attribute" title="File attribute">File attribute</a>
<ul><li><a href="Extended_file_attributes" title="Extended file attributes">Extended file attributes</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="File_size" title="File size">File size</a></li>
<li><a href="Hidden_file_and_hidden_directory" title="Hidden file and hidden directory">Hidden file / Hidden directory</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organisation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Directory_(computing)" title="Directory (computing)">Directory/folder</a>
<ul><li><a href="NTFS_links" title="NTFS links">NTFS links</a></li>
<li><a href="Temporary_folder" title="Temporary folder">Temporary folder</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Directory_structure" title="Directory structure">Directory structure</a></li>
<li><a href="File_system" title="File system">File system</a>
<ul><li><a href="Filesystem_Hierarchy_Standard" title="Filesystem Hierarchy Standard">Filesystem Hierarchy Standard</a></li>
<li><a href="Grid_file_system" title="Grid file system">Grid file system</a></li>
<li><a href="Semantic_file_system" title="Semantic file system">Semantic file system</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Path_(computing)" title="Path (computing)">Path</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="File_operation" class="mw-redirect" title="File operation">Operations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Open_(system_call)" title="Open (system call)">Open</a></li>
<li><a href="Close_(system_call)" title="Close (system call)">Close</a></li>
<li><a href="Read_(system_call)" title="Read (system call)">Read</a></li>
<li><a href="Write_(system_call)" title="Write (system call)">Write</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Linking</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="File_descriptor" title="File descriptor">File descriptor</a></li>
<li><a href="Hard_link" title="Hard link">Hard link</a></li>
<li><a href="Shortcut_(computing)" title="Shortcut (computing)">Shortcut</a>
<ul><li><a href="Alias_(Mac_OS)" title="Alias (Mac OS)">Alias</a></li>
<li><a href="Shadow_(OS/2)" title="Shadow (OS/2)">Shadow</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Symbolic_link" title="Symbolic link">Symbolic link</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Management</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Backup" title="Backup">Backup</a></li>
<li><a href="File_comparison" title="File comparison">File comparison</a></li>
<li><a href="File_copying" title="File copying">File copying</a></li>
<li><a href="Data_compression" title="Data compression">Data compression</a></li>
<li><a href="File_manager" title="File manager">File manager</a>
<ul><li><a href="Comparison_of_file_managers" title="Comparison of file managers">Comparison of file managers</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="File_system_fragmentation" title="File system fragmentation">File system fragmentation</a></li>
<li><a href="File-system_permissions" title="File-system permissions">File-system permissions</a></li>
<li>
<ul><li><a href="File_sharing" title="File sharing">File sharing</a></li>
<li><a href="File_synchronization" title="File synchronization">File synchronization</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="File_verification" title="File verification">File verification</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
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